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                <text>Protesters march with fists raised in the air during a demonstration for Saleem Osman</text>
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                <text>A group of protesters march at a demonstration for Saleem Osman with their fists raised in the air—a typical symbol of solidarity, strength, and resistance against oppression. Beside the protesters is an NYPD officer riding a motorcycle. &#13;
&#13;
On May 26, 1994, Saleem Osman, a CAAAV organizer for the Lease Drivers Coalition, was violently assaulted by police and arrested on fabricated charges. Over a hundred Asian Americans and yellow cab drivers marched from Police Plaza to Central Booking the following day in protest of this unlawful arrest.</text>
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                <text>Digitized by: Frank Chiang and Van Anh Tran&#13;
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                <text>A group of protesters play the drums while marching on the sidewalk during a demonstration for Saleem Osman. An NYPD officer rides beside them on a motorcycle. &#13;
&#13;
On May 26, 1994, Saleem Osman, a CAAAV organizer for the Lease Drivers Coalition, was assaulted by police and arrested on fabricated charges. Over a hundred Asian Americans and yellow cab drivers marched from Police Plaza to Central Booking the following day in protest of this unlawful arrest.</text>
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                <text>On July 27, 1999, inmates at Wackenhut Immigration Detention Center in Queens went on a hunger strike, demanding the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) review pending parole for political asylum cases and improve the conditions in the facility.[1] Detentions at INS facilities ranged from two weeks to over two years, and detainees could be thrown into solitary confinement, treated as cheap labor, and given limited access to representation; all done to individuals fleeing violence and danger, looking for asylum in the U.S.A.[2] Writing in the Fall of 1999, CAAAV Organizing Asian Communities asserted "the immigrant poor in the U.S. can expect no better treatment than the most dangerous and recalcitrant criminals."[3] &#13;
&#13;
On August 1st, 1999 CAAAV protesters stood outside the Wackenhut Prison in Queens, NY (now the Queens Detention Facility) located just outside the JFK Airport, in a small strip of warehouses between the airport and the Belt Parkway; two major thoroughfares of travel in stark contrast to the prison. Holding signs with clear demands, CAAAV members stood in solidarity with those held behind bars and demanded the release of asylum seekers kept at the Wackenhut prison; a private, for profit prison run by the Wackenhut Corporation. CAAAV was protesting treatment inside the prison, the human rights abuses inflicted upon those held by INS, and demanding a repeal of the 1996 Immigration Act.[4]&#13;
&#13;
Emmy Kutesa, a Ugandan asylum seeker who arrived on March 6th 1998, was a participant of the hunger strike.[5] His case brought the plight of asylum seekers at INS facilities to the attention of CAAAV. Kutesa was fleeing Uganda after being tortured and hunted; he feared being sent back to Rwanda because he knew it meant death. Making his way to the United States of America, he arrived at JFK asking for asylum and was immediately sent to Wackenhut Prison.[6] Finding solidarity in his struggle, and the wave of anti-immigration sentiment, CAAAV joined with other grassroots organizations such as the Latino Workers Center, National Korean Service &amp; Education Consortium, Nodutdol for Korean Community, and the Coalition for Human Rights of Immigrants to protest the treatment of Kutesa and others imprisoned in terrible conditions after seeking asylum.[7] Organizers said, "under a wave of reactionary legislation which combines 'tough-on-crime' ideology with anti-immigrant nationalism, the civil and human rights of Third World immigrants are being eroded."[8]&#13;
&#13;
CAAAV members were empathetic to the criminalization of 20th century immigrants of color and their deplorable treatment by INS; Asian immigrants throughout the 19th and 20th centuries were criminalized for their mere existence and detained as well. CAAAV organizers saw the prison industrial complex rising in the last half of the 20th century as America's latest war against the poor and people of color. They acknowledged the target of the prison industrial complex was mostly Black and Latino communities, but recognized that Asian communities were not exempt from this violence. Organizers saw a deep overlap between police violence, anti-immigration rhetoric, and the prison industrial complex.[9]&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
CAAAV asserted "we must come to understand how the struggle of the new immigrant laborer is simultaneously the struggle of the prisoner, how the welfare recipient has a stake in the liberation of the working poor immigrant; and how exclusive targeting of either state institutions or the private sector is no longer adequate."[10]&#13;
&#13;
Kutesa was released from Wackenhut in October 1999, after spending almost two years detained in Queens.[11] In 2004, the Wackenhut Corrections Corporation changed its name to the GEO Group, Inc. and as of March 2021, still runs the Queens Detention Facility.[12] It is currently being investigated by the New York Attorney General Letitia James (D) for potentially inadequate Covid-19 protections for prisoners.[13]&#13;
&#13;
Notes&#13;
&#13;
[1][2][4][9]“Asian Communities - Policing and Prisons” The CAAAV Voice 10, no. 3 (Fall 1999): 3-6. https://caaav.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Voice_Fall_1999.pdf&#13;
&#13;
[3]“Asian Communities - Policing and Prisons” The CAAAV Voice 10, no. 3 (Fall 1999): 4.&#13;
&#13;
[5][7] Solomon, Alisa. “Wackenhut Detention Ordeal.” The Village Voice. August 31, 1999. https://www.villagevoice.com/1999/08/31/wackenhut-detention-ordeal/&#13;
&#13;
[6][11] Dow, Mark. American Gulag: Inside U.S. Immigration Prisons. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2004. 120-135.&#13;
&#13;
[8] “Asian Communities - Policing and Prisons” The CAAAV Voice 10, no. 3 (Fall 1999): 4. &#13;
&#13;
[10] “Asian Communities - Policing and Prisons” The CAAAV Voice 10, no. 3 (Fall 1999): 5.&#13;
&#13;
[12] “GEO Group.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, March 12, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEO_Group. &#13;
&#13;
[13]“AG James Takes Action to Force For-Profit Queens Detention Facility to Comply with Ongoing Investigation into Insufficient COVID-19 Protocols.” Press Release, December 15, 2020. New York State Office. https://ag.ny.gov/press-release/2020/ag-james-takes-action-force-profit-queens-detention-facility-comply-ongoing.</text>
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                <text>Laura Juliano&#13;
&#13;
This post was completed as coursework for HIST-GA 3901 Community Archives, taught by Maggie Schreiner, in the Archives and Public History MA program at New York University.</text>
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                <text>Group of activists standing together, holding signs against the INS' detainment of immigrants at Wackenhut Prison in Queens. Signs read: "Freedom for Wackenhut's Detainees," "Freedom for INS Detainees," "Punished for Demanding Freedom," and "Repeal the 1996 Immigration Law."</text>
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                <text>This image shows a smiling woman at the 1996 Racial Justice march. She is in front of a Chinese cuisine restaurant called Soo Cho and is showing a middle finger to the camera with her right hand and holding a sign in her left hand. The sign says, "City-hall talks about justice for all." "All meaning Whom!" At the bottom of the sign, in small font, it says "Justice (illegible)"</text>
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Cataloged by: Sabrina Moore</text>
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                  <text>1986-1996</text>
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                <text>CAAAV and NCPRR (National Congress for Puerto Rican Rights) took over the Chinatown Manhattan Bridge entrance during rush hour, wearing vests with messages protesting Mayor Giuliani’s oppressive police policies. 25 peaceful protestors were arrested, leading to this photo being taken of a protestor at the police precinct later that evening.</text>
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                <text>A protestor wearing a white armband raises their fist in solidarity with oppressed peoples. Two additional protestors and a police officer stand in the background.</text>
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                <text>Helen Stec</text>
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                <text>Protestors hold signs at a demonstration. At center, a sign reads "--- AGENDA #3: FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISONERS."   Also visible in the background is a sign that reads "--- AGENDA #7: NO TO IMF, WB, WTO!"</text>
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Uploaded by Serena Yang</text>
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                <text>A protestor holding a sign that reads, "TIBO," at the 1999 Philippine Independence Day Parade. Tibo is a Filipino slang term that can mean tomboy, dyke, or lesbian, and although it can be used as a derogatory term, it is also often reclaimed by members of the Pinay lesbian community who use it to refer to themselves. </text>
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Cataloged by: Katelyn Landry</text>
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